Uphuhliso loshishino lwaseTshayina olukhawulezayo Nangona imveliso ye-fastener yaseTshayina inkulu, izibophelelo ziqale kade xa zithelekiswa namazwe angaphandle. Okwangoku, imakethi ye-fastener yaseTshayina iye yanda kakhulu. Umgangatho wemveliso rhoqo kunye neziganeko zokungcoliseka kwendalo zizise imiceli mngeni emikhulu kunye namathuba kuphuhliso lwezibophelelo zasekhaya. Nangona inani elincinci le-fasteners lisafuna ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, ngokwembono yeendlela zophuhliso, i-fasteners ekhethwe ngushishino lwezixhobo ezisisiseko ziye zaneliseka e-China.

Uhlalutyo oluphezulu kunye nolusezantsi loshishino olukhawulezayo

Umphezulu weshishini le-fastener ikakhulu ngabavelisi bezinto eziluhlaza njengentsimbi, ubhedu, kunye ne-aluminiyam. Ukususela ngo-2016, ngenxa yezinto ze-macroeconomic kunye nokuguqulwa kwecala lokubonelela, ixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza kwindawo ephezulu yoshishino linyuka, kodwa ngokusisiseko liphezulu kwixabiso kwaye alinaso isiseko sokunyuka okukhulu. Nangona uhlaziyo lwecala lonikezelo lunempembelelo embi kwimveliso yempahla ekrwada, ukusuka kwimeko yangoku yonikezelo lwempahla ekrwada, ishishini lisafuna imathiriyeli ekrwada ngaphezu kwemfuno, kwaye imveliso eseleyo iyaqhubeka ithengiswa phesheya, kwaye zininzi kwaye zisasazwa ngokubanzi. abenzi bezinto ezikrwada. Ukwanela, ukunikezelwa kwemveliso kunokuqinisekiswa, kwaye akuyi kuchaphazela ukuthengwa kweenkampani ze-fastener.

Ngexesha lokwenziwa kwezibophelelo, ababoneleli bezixhobo babonelela ngezixhobo zokusebenza ezinje ngoomatshini bokuzoba ngocingo, oomatshini bokubetha okubandayo, kunye noomatshini bokuqengqeleka kocingo. Iifektri zokungunda ziyila kwaye zivelise ukubumba ngokweemfuno zeshishini. Izityalo zokuguqula izinto eziphathekayo zibonelela ngentsimbi, umzobo wocingo kunye nezinye iinkonzo zokuguqula izinto. Ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango lobushushu bemveliso, izityalo zonyango zomphezulu zibonelela ngeenkonzo zonyango zomphezulu ezifana ne-galvanization.

Kwisiphelo esisezantsi soshishino, iimveliso ze-fastener zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo yoshishino, kubandakanya iimoto, oololiwe, oomatshini, i-elektroniki kunye nezixhobo zombane. Njengeyona ndawo iphambili yesicelo se-fasteners, imboni yeemoto iya kuba yinkxaso ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni i-fasteners. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-automotive fasteners, ngokukodwa ezibandakanya i-fasteners standard, i-fasteners non-standard fasteners, amanye amacandelo omatshini asemgangathweni kunye nezinye izinto ezingabonakaliyo zomatshini, njl. Umntu omnye. Ukongeza, imfuno yeziqhoboshi kuhambo lukaloliwe, izinto zombane kunye nezinye iindawo nazo zikhulu kakhulu, kwaye zikwimeko ekhulayo.

Uhlalutyo lwemfuno yoshishino olukhawulezayo

Kuba ishishini loomatshini lelona lathiso liphambili lokubonelela ngeziqhoboshi, ukunyuka kunye nokwehla kweshishini le-fasteners kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nophuhliso loshishino loomatshini. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ishishini loomatshini libonise ukunyuka, ngaloo ndlela likhuthaza uphuhliso loshishino olukhawulezayo. Ngokwembono yamashishini ahluliweyo, ishishini leemoto, ishishini lolondolozo, ishishini lolwakhiwo, kunye neshishini le-elektroniki ngabona basebenzisi zikhulu beziqhoboshi. Njengowona mmandla wesicelo osezantsi we.i-fasteners, i-automotive industry iya kunika inkxaso ebalulekileyo ekuphuhlisweni kwee-fasteners.

Ishishini leemoto kwihlabathi lisebenze ngokuzinzile ngo-2017, ligcina ukukhula okuncomekayo iminyaka elithoba ilandelelana, kunye nezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiweyo lemveliso kunye nentengiso ye-4.2% kunye ne-4.16%, ngokulandelelanayo. Imeko yemveliso kunye nentengiso kwimarike yemoto yasekhaya yomelele ngakumbi, kunye namazinga okukhula ahlanganisiweyo we-8.69% kunye ne-8.53% ukusuka kowama-2013 ukuya kowama-2017, ngokulandelelanayo. Ukukhula kolu shishino kuya kuqhubeka kwiminyaka eyi-10 ezayo. Ngokutsho kwedatha yophando evela kwi-China Automotive Technology kunye neZiko loPhando, ixabiso eliphezulu lokuthengiswa kweemoto zaseChina kulindeleke ukuba libe malunga nezigidi ezingama-42, kwaye iintengiso zeemoto zanamhlanje ziyi-28.889 yezigidi. Ukuthengiswa okunokubakho kwe-14 yezigidi zezithuthi kweli shishini kubonisa ukuba ishishini leemoto zaseTshayina lisagcwele amandla kwimarike yexesha eliphakathi kunye nexesha elide, elinokuthi lizise amathuba amahle okuphuhliswa koshishino olukhawulezayo.

Ishishini le-3C libandakanya iikhomputha, unxibelelwano, kunye nee-elektroniki zabathengi. Lelinye lamashishini akhula ngokukhawuleza eTshayina nakwihlabathi lanamhlanje, kwaye ikwalishishini elineziqhoboshi ezininzi. Nangona izinga lokukhula kweshishini lemveli le-3C liye lehla, indawo yemarike yemasheya isenkulu kakhulu. Ukongeza, iiPC, iitafile kunye neefowuni ze-smart phone sele ziqalisile ukungena kumhlaba wokhuphiswano woLwandle oluBomvu, kwaye kunye nabo kuya kubakho impumelelo ekuphuhliseni itekhnoloji yeemveliso zabo, eziya kuzisa usetyenziso olutsha lwetekhnoloji kunye notshintsho lwenkqubo. Uphuhliso oluluqilima loshishino lwe-3C luya kwandisa imfuno ye-fasteners.

Ubume boshishino olukhawulezayo lwaseTshayina

Iqhutywa luhlaziyo lwaseTshayina kunye nokuvula kunye nophuhliso oluluqilima loqoqosho lwesizwe, ishishini laseTshayina elikhawulezayo liye lagcina ukukhula okuhle kwiminyaka emininzi.Ukusukela ngo-2012 ukuya ku-2016, utyalo-mali olusisigxina lwe-asethi yaseTshayina lunyuke phantse ngama-yuan angama-25 ngo-2016. Ngaphezulu kwe-40 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan, isikali soshishino siyaqhubeka sikhula.

Ngokunyuka kotyalo-mali kushishino kunye nokukhula okukhawulezayo kwamashishini, umthamo wemveliso kunye nemveliso ye-fasteners inyuke kakhulu. I-China iye yaba lilizwe elikhulu ekuveliseni iziqhoboshi. Imveliso ye-fasteners ibekwe kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi iminyaka emininzi. Ngaphezu kwe-70 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuan.

Ngokoqikelelo lwe-China's Fastener Industry Association, ngoku kukho ngaphezu kwe-7,000 yamashishini emveliso ekhawulezayo e-China, kunye namashishini angaphezu kwama-2,000 XNUMX ngaphezulu kwesikali kolu shishino, kodwa hayi amashishini amaninzi amakhulu anexabiso lilonke lemveliso yemveliso engaphezulu kwe. 500 yezigidi yuan. Ke ngoko, isikali esipheleleyo seenkampani ezikhawulezayo zasekhaya sincinci. Ngenxa yobungakanani obuncinci beenkampani zasekhaya zokubopha kunye nezakhono zabo ze-R & D ezibuthathaka, uninzi lweemveliso ezikhawulezayo zigxininiswe kwimarike esezantsi kwaye ukhuphiswano luqatha; ezinye iimveliso eziphezulu ze-high-tech fastener zifuna inani elikhulu lokungeniswa ngaphandle. Oku kubangele ukunikezelwa ngokugqithiseleyo kweemveliso eziphantsi kwimarike, ngelixa iimveliso eziphezulu ezinomxholo ophezulu wezobuchwepheshe zingenalo ukubonelela ekhaya okwaneleyo. Ngokutsho kwedatha evela kwiSebe lezoShishino kunye neTekhnoloji yoLwazi, kwi-2017 i-China i-fastener ithumela ngaphandle i-29.92 yezigidi zeetoni, kunye nexabiso lokuthumela ngaphandle kwe-US $ 5.054 yezigidigidi, ukwanda kwe-11.30% ngonyaka; i-fastener yokungenisa yayingama-322,000 eetoni, kwaye ixabiso lokungenisa laliyi-US $ 3.121 yezigidigidi, ukwanda kwe-6.25% ngonyaka. Uninzi lweemveliso ezithunyelwa kumazwe angaphandle ziyimveliso ephezulu enomxholo ophezulu wezobuchwepheshe.

Nangona ishishini laseTshayina elikhawulezayo livelisa iimveliso ezikumgangatho ophantsi kakhulu, iinkampani zasekhaya eziziqinisayo ziyaqhubeka nokuguquka zibe ziinkampani ezivelisa izinto ezintsha, zifunde kumava aphambili aphesheya, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo ziphucula uphando oluzimeleyo kunye neenzame zophuhliso loshishino olukhawulezayo iminyaka elishumi. Ukujonga ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-patent enxulumene ne-Fastener yaseChina, inani lezicelo ngo-2017 lalingaphezulu kwe-13,000, elimalunga ne-6.5 ngokuphindwe ka-2008. iminyaka elishumi, ukwenza i-fastener yethu Fumana isiseko kwimarike yehlabathi.

Iifasteners, njengamacandelo asisiseko soshishino, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkalo ezininzi, kwaye zikwasisiseko esibalulekileyo sokuguqulwa nokuphuculwa kwamashishini asezantsi. Isindululo se-“Made in China 2025” sivule ingabula-zigcawu yotshintsho lwaseTshayina ukusuka kumandla okuvelisa ukuya kumandla okuvelisa. Ukwenziwa ngokutsha okuzimeleyo, ukulungelelaniswa kwesakhiwo, kunye nokuguqulwa kunye nokuphuculwa kwamashishini ahlukeneyo akunakwahlulwa ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho wamacandelo asisiseko, kwaye kubonisa kwakhona ukuba indawo yemarike enokubakho yamacandelo aphezulu iya kwandiswa ngakumbi. Ukusuka kwinqanaba lemveliso, amandla aphezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukuchaneka okuphezulu, ixabiso elongeziweyo eliphezulu, kunye neendawo ezibunjiweyo ezingekho mgangathweni lukhokelo lophuhliso lwexesha elizayo.